Final Project Music Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgABc2HL10Y&feature=youtu.be

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Compostition

1.  What is the Gestalt Theory? Gestalt Theory is derived from the German school of psychology also named Gestalt Psychology. It is concerned with how the brain organizes thoughts and processes to solve problems. This theory proposes that the brain is naturally inclined to group items and to see and to describe them as single items. The brain also looks for things that connect objects or shapes to each based upon related elements. We attempt to group items together to form new shapes that are the sum of these individual parts.

Four basic principles explain how we do this.
1. Emergence- This is when the brain forms an object from a pattern.
2. Reification- This happens when our brain creates shape from negative space.
3. Multistability- This occurs when the interpretation of an ambiguous image jumps back and forth. For example: Rubin's Vase.
4. Invariance- This is the ability of the brain to recognize an object, even if it is viewed from different conditions.  

The following is an example of Multistability.

2.  What is the Golden Ratio? A mathematical formula using the Fibonacci Sequence that can be used in designing to create perfectly aesthetically pleasing compositions. For example Da Vinci's masterpiece Mona Lisa.

Camera Movement Terms

Pan: A steady horizontal movement across the screen.

Truck (move): See Dolly.

Zoom: Stationary camera that uses the zoom lens to diminish or enlarge the image in the frame.

Dolly (move): A camera on wheels and is also known as Truck or Track. A Steadicam is used sometimes to achieved shots such as "camera in, pull back to reveal, truck with, or push in."

Tilt: A steady vertical movement across the screen.

Crane: Similar to a tilt but has greater range of movement.

Steadicam: A piece of equipment used to help steady a handheld camera. It is attached to a shock absorbing arm supported by a harness worn by the camera operator.

Tracking or Follow Shot: A camera movement call that is an indication for a camera to follow the action. It is called this because the tracks are put on uneven terrain so the shot is possible to do.

Film Terms

B-roll- Mainly used in television news, the purpose of the B roll is similar to the purpose of the cutaway. This secondary footage disguises the elimination of unwanted content. For example: stammering, uncomfortable pauses, or unintentional movement by the principles or extras.

Cutaway- A type of pick-up shot that is used as a buffer between shots in order to add interest or information or to help with the editing process. These shots are taken from different angles than the original shoot and are then edited into the final cut.

Keyframe- Captures the main actions of a movement- usually the beginning, middle, and the end. Animation storyboards are always depicted as key frames.

Pick-up- Also called an insert and in television news called reax, which stands for reaction shot. These relatively minor shots are recorded after the fact to supplement previously shot footage.

Reshoot- When a scene has to be done all over again. Usually due to a mistake or in my experience when there is a scene where the actor breaks character or does something that makes everyone laugh, especially if it the sound guy.

Reverse shot- A transposition of a camera move, which provides a point off view that is 180 degrees apart from the original shot.

Stock [footage]- Also known as archive, file, or library. Sometimes cheaper than shooting new footage, stock footage consists of previously recorded and often archived shots of common events used to add interest or information or used to disguise the elimination of unwanted content.

'tweener- Slang for "in-betweener." The 'tweenr is the animator who draws the transitional frames "in between" the key frames.

Organization

Define Frame, Scene, Sequence, Shot.

Frame- Also known as a panel. This is a single illustration of a specific shot.

Scene- In live action, a scene is a series of shots that constitutes a continuous action depicting an incident or situation. In animation, a scene is defined by a change of location and/or time. In other words, a new scene is required every time the background (or scenery) changes- even if the action is taking place in the same room.

Sequence- In live action, this is simply a set of related actions or events, such as a chase sequence, which may take place within a scene but does not necessarily become the scene. For example, a scene in which the bank robbers make their getaway after a botched heist may result in several sequences: a gun fight, car chase, foot chase, fistfight, and arrest or evasion. In animation, a sequence is the equivalent of a live action scene.

Shot- This is the portion of the scene that is visible to the camera, as framed by it's lens. In animation, shot and scene are sometimes synonymous.

How do you number insert shots on storyboards?
 You add letters of course! (Starting with A and so on.) If you add a shot between 4 and 5 it would be labeled 4A. If you need to add more it would go 4B, 4C, 4D and so on. 

Aspect Ratio

List the four most commonly used aspect ratios and explain what medium they are best suited for.

1.33:1 (4:3) Used to be the standard format for televisions. It was adapted from the ratio of film stock in the "Silent Era."

1.78.1 (16:9) The standard format for HD displays used in modern televisions and computer monitors.

1.85.1 The widescreen format that has been the predominant film ratio since the mid-1950's. It is still being used today.

2.39.1 This is typically used for the big budget blockbusters. This ratio has been the standard anamorphic widescreen format since the early 1970's.